פרטי הבחינה
האוניברסיטה הפתוחה
שאלון בחינת גמר
10885 – מבוא לסכסוך הישראלי-ערבי (אנגלית)
מס' שאלון 295 | מס' מועד 72
סמסטר 2024ב | 29 ביולי 2024, כ"ג בתמוז תשפ"ד
משך הבחינה: 3 שעות | מבנה הבחינה: אמריקאי
חומר עזר: כל חומר עזר אסור בשימוש.
Instructions
Read carefully the following multiple-answer questions, then choose 15 out of 20 and encircle the right answer. Each question is worth 6 points, while each one of you is starting with a ten points bonus. Be careful: if you encircle more than one answer, the question will not be counted. If you answer more than 15 questions, only the first 15 will be counted.
Good Luck!
Questions
1. The Arab-Israeli Conflict started in:
a. 1882
b. 1917
c. 1929
d. All of the above are important landmarks, but the conflict had developed gradually.
2. In the 19th century, Eretz Israel/Palestine was ruled by the:
a. Russian Empire
b. Austro-Hungarian Empire
c. British Empire
d. Ottoman Empire
3. The year 1882 marks:
a. The beginning of the first wave of Jewish Zionist immigration to Palestine
b. The occupation of Egypt and the Levant by the British Empire
c. The beginning of the downfall of the Ottoman Empire
d. All of the above
4. In the 19th century, the majority of the inhabitants of Eretz Israel/Palestine were:
a. Ladino speaking Jews
b. Aramaic speaking Christians
c. Arabic speaking Muslims
d. Chaldean speaking Armenians
5. Arabic newspapers in Palestine started to appear:
a. In 1841, following the restoration of Ottoman rule from the Egyptians
b. In 1908, following the "Young Turks" Revolution and the Ottoman Constitution
c. In 1917, following the Balfour declaration
d. In 1908, following the rise in Jewish immigration
6. When did a modern Palestinian-Arab national political movement first appear, according to most researchers?
a. In 1882, with the beginning of the first Aliyah
b. In the years 1918-1920, following the Balfour Declaration
c. After the outbreak of the first intifada (1987)
d. Has not yet appeared to date
7. In the years 1917-1918, Palestine was conquered by the:
a. The British
b. The French
c. The Ottomans
d. The Moors
8. Under the Ottoman Empire, Eretz Israel:
a. Was an integral administrative unit, responding directly to the capital Istanbul
b. Was divided between the provinces of Damascus (al-Sham) and Beirut
c. Was not a distinct administrative unit, but in the late 19th century its central and southern part became the "Sanjak" (district) of Jerusalem, responding directly to the capital Istanbul
d. Answers b and c are correct
9. Zionism as a political movement was founded by:
a. Chaim Weizmann in 1917
b. Theodore Herzl in 1897
c. Baron Edmund de Rothschild in 1882
d. Arthur James Balfour in 1917
10. Palestinian Arab national consciousness began to rise, according to most of the scholars:
a. Only after the Nakba in 1948
b. Only after the Naksa in 1967
c. Since Napoleon's Middle East military Campaign in 1798-1799
d. Gradually since the late 19th century and early 20th century, and mainly following the Balfour Declaration in 1917
11. According to the Balfour declaration:
a. Britain became committed to establishment of a Jewish National Home in Palestine
b. The Zionist Jews and the Palestinian Arabs had pledged to live in a peaceful coexistence
c. Britain had vouched for the establishment of an independent Jewish state in Palestine
d. The international community became committed to the rights of non-Jewish groups in Palestine
12. The reaction of the Jews to the Balfour Declaration was in general, a joy. The reaction of the Palestinian Arabs was:
a. Mainly indifference, or rather acceptance
b. Denouncement of its legitimacy, protests, and finally acts of violence
c. Establishment of Muslim-Christian Associations to struggle against it
d. Answers b and c are correct
13. Under the British Mandate:
a. Jews and Arabs had often lived in peace, with the exception of occasional bursts of violence
b. Massive waves of Jewish immigration augmented the numbers of the Jewish community in Palestine
c. The country went through accelerated modernization, expressing itself in the building of sea ports, airports, roads, hospitals, schools, etc.
d. All of the above is correct
14. During the Mandate period, the Jewish and Arab populations in Palestine had grown roughly:
a. The Jews from 60 thousand to 600 thousand, the Arabs from 600 thousand to 1.3 million
b. The Jews from 600 thousand to 7 million, the Arabs from 6 million to 9 million
c. The Jews from 6 thousand to 100 thousand, the Arabs from 800 thousand to 1.3 million
d. None of the above is correct
15. According to the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) Partition Resolution 181:
a. Palestine should have been partitioned into a Jewish state (55%) and an Arab State (45%)
b. Jerusalem and its environs should have constituted a "corpus separatum" under international administration
c. Both states should have maintained economic unity
d. All of the above is correct
16. The reaction of most Jews and Arabs to the Partition Resolution was:
a. Jews – acceptance, even if restricted, Arabs – full denouncement
b. Jews – defiance, Arabs – jubilation
c. Both sides expressed careful interest to accept the Resolution
d. Both sides rejected the Resolution
17. During and shortly after the Arab-Israeli War of 1948:
a. Britain had terminated its Mandate, and the state of Israel was proclaimed
b. About four Arab armies invaded Palestine, but were defeated by Israel, which was able to secure 77% of Mandate Palestine in the Armistice agreements
c. The West Bank was annexed to Jordan, while the Gaza strip was held under Egyptian military rule
d. All of the above is correct
18. Who were the founders of the Fatah movement in 1959?
a. George Habash, Naif Khawatma, Ahmed Jibril
b. Yasser Arafat, Abu Jihad, Abu Iyad
c. Ahmed Yassin, Salah Shehada, Abdel-Aziz Rantisi
d. All the answers are correct
19. When was Hamas established?
a. After the expulsion of the PLO from Lebanon (1982)
b. In the beginning of the second intifada (2000)
c. In the beginning of the first intifada (1987)
d. Following the Oslo Accords (1993)
20. In the Oslo agreements (1993):
a. The PLO officially recognized the State of Israel, and Israel officially recognized the PLO as the representative of the Palestinians
b. It was agreed that Jerusalem will not be divided
c. It was agreed that within six years (until 1999) a final status agreement would be signed between the parties
d. Answers a and c are correct
Good Luck!
מחוון מושגים (Glossary of terms)
Introduction to the Arab-Israeli Conflict — 2024b, first term — 10 July, 2024
מונחים בכל שאלה (מונח החוזר על עצמו יופיע פעם אחת בלבד):
3. Levant – הלבנט. כינוי לאזור החוף המזרחי של הים התיכון, הכולל כיום את המדינות – לבנון, סוריה, ירדן וישראל.
4. Inhabitants – תושבים.
Aramaic – ארמית.
Chaldean – כשדית (שפה עתיקה).
5. Restoration – החזרה של המצב לקדמותו.
The Ottoman Constitution – החוקה העות'מנית.
7. The Moors – מורים/מאורים (כינוי נפוץ למוסלמים בעבר).
8. Provinces – מחוזות.
Distinct – נפרד.
District – נפה, חבל ארץ.
10. Gradually – בהדרגה.
11. Committed – מחויבת.
Pledged – התחייבו.
Vouched – ערבה ל…
12. Indifference – אדישות.
Denouncement – דחייה.
13. with the exception of – להוציא, חוץ מ…
Occasional bursts – התפרצויות אקראיות.
Augmented – העלו.
Accelerated – מואצת.
15. Resolution – החלטה (של האו"ם).
Environs – סביבות.
"Corpus Separatum" – גוף נפרד (בשפה הלטינית).
16. Restricted – מוגבלת.
Defiance – התנגדות.
Jubilation – צהלה.
17. Terminated – סיימה.
Armistice – שביתת נשק.
Annexed – סופחה.
18. Founders – מייסדים.
19. Expulsion – גירוש.
20. Recognized – הכיר/הכירה ב…
Final Status Agreement – הסכם קבע.
